佛教对中土孝亲观的因应之道

On the Buddhism's Adjustment according to Chinese Views of Filial Piety

《孝经》是儒家的一部重要经典,孝意味着对父母辛勤养育之恩的真诚感激和深切怀念,孝一方面具有生物学的依据,另一方面也非常适合农业耕作、自给自足、聚族而居、家国同构、君父一体的中国社会现实。佛教以辞别君亲、出家修行为入道初步,解脱烦恼、涅槃寂静为终极归向,不可避免地受到儒道两家以"不孝"为口实的攻讦。佛教作为一种外来的异质文化,积极地向儒家人物靠拢,认真解释佛教的理想、追求与儒家的孝道毫无违逆之处,并大力挖掘自家的孝道资源,逐渐积累起非常丰富的佛教孝道思想资料。北宋契嵩撰《孝论》一文,阐明了佛教的出家修行并不与儒家在家奉亲的孝道相矛盾,代表了土生土长的佛教僧众不愿意违背世俗伦常的心声,也标志着佛教在北宋时期已经立足中土,扎根民间,成为中国传统文化重要组成部分的事实。

Book of Filial Piety is an important classic of Confucianism.Filial piety means sincere gratitude and deep memory to parents for hard upbringing.Filial piety on the one hand has a biological basis,on the other hand is also very suitable for Chinese social reality.As a monk,fleeing home to seek for Nirvana would inevitably be attacked for ＂lack of filial piety＂.Buddhism took a positive move closer to the Confucian,explains the Buddhist pursuit has no conflicts with filial piety,and explains their own resources of filial piety,and accumulated very rich filial information.Qisong,a famous monk during Northern Song Dynasty,wrote a paper on filial piety to prove Buddhist do not want to be contrary to family relations.It indicates Buddhism in Northern Song Dynasty times is rooted in Chinese civil society and has become an important part of Chinese traditional culture.