坛紫菜优良品系的选育与特性分析

Selection and characterization of a fast growing strain of Porphyra haitanensis( Bangiales,Rhodophyta)

利用体细胞克隆技术,从象山湾采集回来的坛紫菜叶状体的体细胞再生群体中筛选出细长型生长快的叶状体,再次进行体细胞克隆,从它的体细胞再生体中再次选育出生长最快的叶状体,依此法连续筛选3次,最后获得一个快速生长的优良品系(XS-1),其F1代的叶状体在生长速度、成熟期、3种主要光合色素含量等方面明显优于野生型品系(wt)。在相同条件下培养80d,XS-1品系的F1代叶状体平均体长达128.8cm,是wt品系的10.45倍;XS-1品系的F1叶状体群体的成熟高峰出现时间比wt品系推迟20d;在波长350～750nm之间,两个品系的叶状体活体吸收光谱中均出现5个吸收峰,但XS-1品系的各峰峰值均远高于wt品系;XS-1品系的叶状体总藻胆蛋白含量高达80.4mg/g,比wt品系提高了188%,而它的Chl.a含量比wt品系提高了32%;XS-1品系的叶状体平均厚度为32.2μm,比wt品系减少15%。研究结果表明,XS-1品系是一个生长快、颜色和品质好、遗传稳定的优良品系,有望在生产中得到应用。

From the regenerated blades of single somatic cells isolated enzymatically from a blade collected from the cultivation ground of Porphyra haitanensis Chang et Zheng,the fastest growing blade was selected for isolating somatic cells,and was cultured for getting regeneration blades again. From its regenerated blades,the fastest growing blade was isolated. After 3 times of selections continuously in this way,we got an improved strain named XS-1,characterized by faster growing,later maturation and higher contents of phycobiliprotein as compared with the wild type（ wt） strain. After 80 days in culture,the mean length of F1 gametophytic blades of XS-1 grew up to 128. 8 cm,which was 10. 5 times faster than those of the wt. The maturation peak of F1 blades of the XS-1 delayed about 20 days later than the wt. In the wavelength of 350 - 750 nm,in vivo absorption spectra of the F1 blade of the XS-1 was similar to the wt,showing five absorption peaks but having higher absorption value in every peak than the wt. The contents of phycobiliprotein（ PE ＋ PC） and Chl. a in XS-1 were 80. 4 mg /g and 8. 9 mg /g,increasing by 188. 8% and 32. 5% compared with the wt,respectively. Mean thickness of the F1 gametophytic blades of XS-1 was 32. 2 μm,decreasing 15% compared with the wt. In short,the XS-1 is a fast growing strain that may offer broad applications for the nori industry.