泌尿系统感染病原菌分布及药敏分析

Distribution and Drug of Susceptibility of the Common Pathogens in Urinary System Infection

目的分析医院泌尿系统感染常见病原菌的分布及其药敏情况,为临床诊断及合理用药提供可靠依据。方法对2008年1月至2009年9月我院尿培养分离出的239株病原菌的分布及药敏分析结果进行回顾性分析。结果泌尿系感染病原菌中革兰阴性杆菌占57.7%,真菌占22.2%,革兰阳性球菌占20.1%;居前3位的是大肠埃希菌(33.1%)、白色假丝酵母菌(10.5%)、粪肠球菌(9.3%)。除鲍曼不动杆菌外,革兰阴性杆菌对碳青酶烯类均具有极高的敏感性。革兰阳性球菌对万古霉素、利奈唑烷和替考拉宁的敏感度均为100%。产超广谱β内酰胺酶(ESBLs)菌及耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)检出率高。结论本院泌尿系统感染病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,对常见抗生素耐药性较高;真菌感染率高于革兰阳性球菌。了解病原菌分布特点及其药敏情况对临床合理选用抗生素具有重要意义。

Objective To analyze the distribution of common pathogens in urinary system infection and the their drug sensitivity in order to provide a scientific basis for clinical diagnosis and rational use of antibiotics.Methods The results of the distribution and drug sensitivity for 239 pathogens strains isolated from the urine specimens in our hospital between January 2008 and September 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The Gram-negative bacilli infection rate was 57.7%.The fungus infection rate was 22.2%.The Gram-Positive bacteria infection rate was 20.1%.The top three pathogens were Escherichia coli （33.1%）, Candida albicans （10.5%） and Enterococcus faecalis （9.3% ）.The Gram-negative bacilli have extremely sensitivity to the carbapenem except for Acinetobacter baumannii.The sensitivity of Gram-Positive bacteria to vancomycin, linezolid and teicoplanin was 100%.Extended-Spectrum beta-lactamase （ESBLs）-producing bacteria and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus（MRSA） had high occurrence.Conclusion Gram-negative bacilli were the most common pathogens collected from the patients with urinary system infection.There were high resistant rates to common antibiotic.The rate of fungus infection in urinary system was higher than the rate of Gram-Positive bacteria infection.It is critical to know the distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogens for the reasonable use of antibiotics.