金属锌高温氧化制备四针状氧化锌晶须

Preparation of Tetrapod Zinc Oxide Whiskers by Oxidating Metallic Zincat High Temperature

通过研究金属锌高温氧化产物的形貌特征,进一步了解四针状氧化锌晶须的形成机理。以金属锌锭为原料,浇铸成重10~50g的小锌块,装入氧化铝坩埚中,在马弗炉内从室温加热至1000~1250℃,将金属锌蒸发氧化,获得氧化锌产物。实验分析了金属锌块用量、保温温度对氧化锌形貌的影响。X-射线衍射测定显示,产物为六方纤锌矿结构的氧化锌。用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）比较分析了不同实验条件下产物的形貌,当保温温度1200℃,金属锌用量分别为20g、30g时,产物为较均匀的四针状氧化锌晶须（T-ZnOw）。分析结果表明,T-ZnOw的生长由晶核的形成和针状体晶须的长大两个阶段组成,调控锌蒸气的产生和氧化过程,可获得形貌为T-ZnOw的氧化锌产物。

Characteristic analysis of ZnO products synthesized by oxidating metallic zinc at high temperature was performed to clarify the formation mechanism of tetrapod ZnO whiskers.Pure zinc ingot was first cast into small zinc slab of 10~50g and then was heated in an alumina crucible in a muffle furnace from room temperature to 1000~1250℃,where the zinc slab was vaporized and oxidized into zinc oxide.The effects of zinc amount and temperature on the morphology of zinc oxide were investigated.The ZnO products were confirmed to be zinc oxide with a hexagonal wurtzite structure by X-ray diffractometry（XRD）.Scanning electronic microscopy（SEM） indicated that the ZnO products had the tetrapod-shaped morphology when the amounts of the used zinc slab were 20g and 30g,respectively.As a result,growth of T-ZnOw comprises the formation of nuclei and the growth of needle-like whiskers.Therefore,ZnO product with tetrapod-shaped morphology can be synthesized by controlling the evaporation and oxidation process of zinc.