婚前保健影响因素及模式探讨

Discussion on premarital health care: Its impact factors and its pattern

[目的]通过问卷调查鹿城区婚育居民婚前保健相关问题,为政府部门制定普及婚前保健策略和措施提供依据。[方法]采用分层整群抽样方法,各抽取300例参与和不参与婚前保健居民进行调查。统计学分析,组间计数资料比较用χ2检验,多因素分析采用Logistic回归分析。[结果]①单因素分析显示,婚前保健组和非婚前保健组共有22个因素存在统计学差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。②多因素分析显示,"对婚检内容了解程度"和"婚前保健有利于双方健康认识"是影响婚育居民参与婚前保健最重要因素,OR值分别为4.731和322.957。③婚前保健已孕组和非婚前保健组出生缺陷率无统计学差异(χ2=0.068,P>0.05)。婚前保健未孕组和婚前保健已孕组出生缺陷率存在统计学差异(χ2=4.002,P<0.05)[结论]建议政府部门尽快出台相关政策,大力扶持婚前保健。婚前保健机构及操作模式应尽快完善,提升婚前保健率,降低出生儿缺陷率,提高人口素质。

[ Objective] To provide a scientific basis for developing a reasonable strategy in popularizing premarital health care by our government, we surveyed the relevant information of premarital health in married citizens of Lucheng District . [ Methods ] Using stratified cluster sampling method, 300 cases were selected from the two groups of citizens respectively, who participated in premarital health care and who did not. The statistical analysis ： the data from the two groups were analyzed with X2 test and logistic regression was used in the multivariate analysis. [Results] The univariate analysis indicated that 22 factors were significantly different between the two groups with and without premarital health care （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The multivariate analysis indicated that＂ understanding of the check- ups＂and ＂knowing of the benefits of premarital health＂ were the most important factors which affected the citizens＇ ac- tivity to participate in premarital health care. The OR value were 4. 731 and 322. 957, respectively. Concerning the rate of birth defect, there was no significant difference between the pregnant group with premarital health care and the group without premarital health care （X2 = 0. 068, P 〉 0. 05 ）. However, there was significant difference in the rate of birth defect between pregnant and non - pregnant groups with premarital health care （X2 = 4. 002, P 〈 0. 05 ）. [ Conclusion] To reduce the birth defect and improve population quality, the government should as soon as possible set out a relevant policy to support the execution of premarital health care. In addition, the health institution for married women should improve the operation mode to increase the rate of premarital health care.