湖北省城乡居民收入偏低的结构性原因及调整

Structural Causes and Its Adjustment of Residents' Low Income in Hubei Province

人均收入偏低构成当前湖北省提高消费支出比重和转变经济发展方式的"瓶颈"。基于经济结构决定就业结构进而决定收入水平的逻辑,湖北省城乡居民收入偏低的结构性原因在于:创业环境不佳造成了创业和就业的畸轻畸重;产业结构偏重工业化制约了社会就业总量扩大;所有制结构偏国有制拉大了部门间的工资差距;城镇化水平不高阻碍了城乡居民的收入协调增长。因此,提高湖北省城乡居民收入需要进一步调整经济结构:营造良好的创业环境,提高经营性收入比重;调整产业结构,提高非重工业部门的就业总量;调整所有制结构,提高非国有部门的工资水平;发展农业产业化经营,提高农民经营性收入;消除城镇化的体制和政策障碍,提高城镇化水平。

Currently the low per capita income constitutes the ＂bottleneck＂ which Hubei province increases the proportion of consumer expenditure and transfers the model of economic development. The paper holds an idea that economic structure determines employment structure and employment structure determines income level. Based on such a logic, the paper consider that the structural causes of low income in Hubei Province includes： poor business environment causes too much weight to employment and too little weight to business; the industrial structure of partial heavy industry constraints employment expansion; the ownership structure of partial state ownership widens the wage gap between sectors; low level of urbanization hinders the coordinative income growth of urban and rural residents. Therefore, raising the income of residents in Hubei Province needs to transfer the economic structure： erecting a favorable business environment to improve the proportion of operating in-come; adjusting the industrial structure to enhance the proportion of non-heavy industry sector＇s employment; adjusting the ownership structure to improve the level of non-state sector wage; developing the industrialization of agriculture to increase farmers＇ operating income; eliminating institutional and policy barriers in urbanization to improve the level of urbanization.