儒家身国共治思想的演变特征及其现代价值

Developmental characteristics and Modern Value of the Confucianism on "Managing both Body and Country"

主要探讨儒家关于修身与治国二者关系的思想内容的历史演变及其特色,认为先秦儒家就已出现身国共治思想,但并未寻找本体依据。两汉以"天"为外在依据以修身治国,唐朝儒生开始尝试从心性论的角度探讨身国共治,宋明理学把外在之"理"寓于"性"之中来谈身国共治,明朝心学达到身国共治思想的最高形态:即身即国,由内圣直接开出外王。体现了儒家身国共治思想逐渐本体化,并最终达到即本体即工夫境界的历史特征。此外,还进一步揭示了儒家身国共治思想的合理内核和现代价值。

This essay will focus on evolution and characteristics in cultivation of morality and management of the state affairs in Confucianism. The Idea of ＂ Managing Body and Country ＂ had been there in pre-Qin Dynasty , but there were no proof at that time. ＂ Universe ＂ was the base for cultivation in Han Dynasty; ＂ Mind ＂ was the base to manage state in Tang Dynasty ; ＂ Reason＂ the base for management in Song Dynasty; Mind, body as well as state management had become the perfect model in Ming Dynasty, that is, body was embedded in the state.