试论中国早期文明的产生——以湖南城头山地区古代文明化进程为例

城头山遗址作为20世纪百项考古大发现之一,因发现屈家岭文化城址和大溪文化城墙及汤家岗文化水稻田而著名,号称"中国第一城"。城头山地区文明为本土文化发展起来的原生型文明。作为早期邦国文明,城头山地区文明起源经历了农耕聚落—中心聚落—邦国三个阶段。城市(包括礼仪建筑)、文字、服饰(包括玉佩饰)是城头山地区文明起源的要素和形成的标准。城头山地区文明向成熟文明发展最后融入多元一体的中华文明的历史长河之中。城头山地区邦国文明的产生是中国早期文明产生的一种模式,在长江中游乃至中国早期文明起源中有一定的典型意义。中国早期文明经历了一个小国寡民式的邦国文明阶段。

As one of the hundred greatest archeological discoveries in the 20th Century,Chengtoushan Ruins was famous for the discovery of Qujialing Cutural Site,claiming to be ＂ China＇s First City＂. Chengtoushan Culture is a protogenetic culture originated from the native culture. As a early state culture,Chengtoushan Culture went through three stages：Farming Settlement Clusters,Center Settlement Clusters and City Culture. Cicy （including convenance and architecture ）,writing,clothing （including jade accessory ） are origination factors and shaping standard of the Chengtoushan Culture,which developed into a mature culture and at last blent into the history of Chinese civilization with multielement integration pattern.