明渠均匀流垂线流速分布规律研究

Study of velocity profile of uniform flow in open channels

针对现有明渠均匀流对数流速分布公式和指数流速分布公式存在的问题,根据明渠均匀流切应力与速度梯度的关系,推导出了一个新的流速分布公式.该公式在渠底和水面都与理论分析、实际情况相符.新的流速分布公式较现有对数流速分布公式和指数流速分布公式在理论上更加完善,更加合理.实验资料验证表明,新公式可以较好地反映实际流速分布规律.

The available formulas of the vertical velocity profile of uniform flow in open channels still have some imperfections, and a new one was derivated from the relationship between the shear stress and the gradient of velocity. The new formula is agreed with the results of theoretical analysis and practical cases in both water surface and bottom. Theoretically speaking, it is more reasonable than the logarithmic law and the exponential equation. Furthermore, the experimental data show that the new formula can well express the real rule of velocity profile.