绿洲灌区节水型种植模式评价与筛选

Evaluation and Selection on Water-saving Cropping Patterns in Oasis Irrigation Region

面对水资源严重短缺、农业可持续发展受限、生态环境逐渐恶化的现实,以武威市凉州区为例,运用综合评价方法从经济、社会、生态3个方面对现有主要种植模式进行了分析。结果表明,日光温室蔬菜、玉米/豌豆、制种玉米、小麦/玉米、大田玉米、马铃薯6种模式综合效益较好,但从水资源安全、高效利用、农业产业发展的更高层次要求来看,日光温室蔬菜、玉米/豌豆、制种玉米3种节水高效模式更为理想,适宜于西北内陆绿洲灌区应用,有利于实现节水、增收以及农业产业可持续发展目标。

Facing the shortage of water resource,limitation of agricultural sustaining development and worsening of environment circumstance,take Liangzhou district,Wuwei city for instance,a systematic and comprehensive method from economic,social and ecology for evaluation were used to analyze nowadays main cropping patterns.The results showed that,comprehensive scores were all high in six models as greenhouse vegetable,maize and pea intercrop,maize for seed,wheat and maize intercrop and field maize,potato,while the first three cropping patterns were more perfect ones in view of water resource safety.Those patterns were provided for choosing a more efficient plant production in water constraint area of Northwest oasis irrigation region,substituting for high water consumption efficiency but low outputting patterns were useful to realize saving water and improving yield and developing sustainable agricultural production.