新植蔗施肥模式与宿根蔗产量及糖分关系的研究

Study of the continous effects of different fertilizing models in new-planting crops on yield and sugar content of cane in ratoon crop for sugarcane

本文研究了新植蔗不同施肥模式对宿根蔗的后续效应，旨在探讨新植蔗不同施肥模式下，宿根蔗产量和蔗糖分差异及其原因，为进一步优化甘蔗三高施肥模式提供理论依据。试验结果表明，在新植蔗不同施肥模式下，就模式间进行比较，宿根蔗蔗茎产量和收获株数存在显著差异，其规律与新植蔗的结果相一致；宿根蔗的株高在施肥情况下存在显著差异；宿根蔗茎径差异不显著；株高的变异系数存在明显差异，且施肥与否规律相同；生长中后期的叶片Ｎ含量存在明显差异，在施肥情况下差异更加明显；蔗汁锤度无显著差异；叶片Ｐ和Ｋ含量无明显差异。试验结果也表明，在新植蔗不同施肥模式下，宿根蔗施肥比不施肥，蔗茎产量和株数显著增加；叶片含Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ量明显增加；株高的变异系数明显较低；而其他性状则无明显的差异。分析试验结果可以看出，新植蔗不同施肥模式下宿根蔗产量的差异主要是由于株数、株高、叶片含氮量、株高整齐度的差异所致，宿根蔗的株数。

An experiment was conducted to study the continous effects of fertilizing model used on the new-planting crops on ratoon crop for sugarcane under field condition in 1997. The aim of the sdudy was to clear the reasons of differences in cane yield and sucrose content of ratoon crop, and to provide the basis theory for further optimization of the 'triple -high' fertilizing model. The results showed that, among the different fertilizing models used in new-planting crop, there was significant difference in cane yield and harvested cane number in ratoon crop,which is in accord with the result of new-planting crops; the difference in plant height was significant under fertilized condition in ratoon crops,while the coefficient of variation of plant height was obviously different; the difference in cane diameter was not significant; the obvious difference existed in N content of leaves during the grand growing stage and mature stage, especialy under fertilized condiction, while not in P and K content of leaves; and there was no significant difference in sucrose content in juice. The results also showed that, when compared with unfertilized treatment in ratoon crops,under the fertilized treatment, the cane yield and the harvest cane number were both significantly higer; the N content of leaves was also obviously higher; but the coefficient of variation for plant height was obviously lower; and the other characters were not obviously different. Therefore, the difference in ratoon cane yield among fertilizing models used in new-planting crops were mainly attributed to the difference in cane number, plant height, N content of leaves, and the difference of evenness in plant height, while the differences of these characters were closely related to the harvested cane number of the new-planting crop.