大学生心理健康水平内观认知疗法效果随访评价

Follow-up Study on Therapy Impact of Naikan Cognitive on College Students' Mental Health

目的评价内观认知疗法对大学生心理健康的干预效果,为开展学生心理健康干预研究提供参考。方法选取接受内观认知疗法的39名大学生组成研究组,以未接受治疗的39名大学生志愿者组成对照组,分别采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、自尊量表(SES)、自我和谐量表(SCCS)、情感平衡量表(ABS)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)和容纳他人量表(AOS)于干预前后对2组人群进行检测。结果干预后1 a研究组中69.2%的人发生了积极变化,SCL-90总分(103.36±29.42)显著低于治疗前(161.92±43.52)(t=3.767,P<0.01),躯体化、强迫症状、焦虑、恐怖、偏执、精神病性及其他因子等7个因子分均显著低于治疗前,而与治疗后差异无统计学意义;情感平衡总分、领悟社会支持总分(朋友支持、其他支持)、容纳他人、自尊、自我和谐与不和谐性等心理社会因素均与治疗前差异有统计学意义,与治疗后差异无统计学意义。研究组与对照组在治疗前心身症状总分及各因子分、心理社会因素各因子分差异均无统计学意义,但在1 a后2组绝大多数量表得分差异有统计学意义。结论内观认知疗法整合东西方心理治疗技术,具有简便易行、疗程短、显效快、疗效持久等优点,是一种潜力巨大的心理疗法和心理保健法。

Objective To evaluate the effects of Naikan Cognitive therapy on the psychological aspects of college students, and to provide evidence for developing students psychological health. Methods Thirty-nine students who received Naikan Cognitive therapy one year ago form the study team, has not accepted the treatment 39 volunteers form the control group. They were asked to assess SCL -90, SES, SCCS, ABS, PSSS, and AOS before and after Naikan Cognitive therapy. Results After one-year intervention, 69.2% had positive change. There were significant differences between prereatment （ 161.92 ± 43.52 ） and after fallowing-up （ 103.36± 29.42） （ t = 3. 767, P 〈 0.01 ） in the total score of SCL - 90, and Somati- zation, Obsessive-Compulsive, anxiety, Phobic anxiety, Paranoia ideation, psychoticism and additional items. BUt there were no significantly differences between post-treatment and after following-up in them. Emotional balance（negative affect）, the total score of perceived social support （ friends support, other support ） , self-esteem, self-consistency and congruence and un-harmony appeared no significant differences between post-treatment and after following-up, but showed significant differences between pre-treatment and after following-up. Before the treatment, there were no significance difference between study group and the control group on somatization symptom, total score and soci-psychology factors but statistical significant differ- ence was found in most of the scores one year latter. Conclusion Within the concept of Naikan Cognitive therapy integration of Eastern and Western techniques, with simple, short course of treatment were cured quickly, lasting effects, etc. It is a great potential for psychological therapy and mental health law.