白蜡虫种虫生产中“三红三黑”原因研究

Study on “the Three Reds and Three Blacks” Phenomenon of White Wax Scales in the Production of Its Brood Insects

长期以来，在白蜡虫种虫生产上经常出现“三红三黑”现象，造成白蜡产量极不稳定。作者经近２０ａ的调查研究认为：白蜡生产出现这一现象，不是干热风，９～１０月阴雨、雾淞、寄主树不合理利用等因素造成的，而是白蜡虫的天敌昆虫，主要是寄生蜂消长危害结果。白蜡虫的寄生蜂有５科１４种，可在雌雄白蜡虫体内互相寄生，９～１０月份寄生蜂危害达高峰期，致使大量雌虫死亡变黑；危害轻时，种虫红润。

There has existed “the three reds and three blacks” phenomenon in white wax scales brood insects production for hundreds of years,which brought about an up and down of white wax production.After an investigation over 20 years,the authors considered that the reasons were not the results of dry hot wind,drizzle,frog,unreasonable use of host tree,but the result of enemy insect harm——mainly the parasitic wasps′ growth and decline.5 families about 14 species of parasitic wasps of white wax scale can be parasitized in female and male white wax insect.At the peak period of destruction between September and October,a lot of female insects die and become black.When the harm is not serious,brood insects are red and the farmer can get a good harvest.