基于mtDNA和rDNA基因序列的中国按蚊属塞蚊亚属种类的系统发育研究(双翅目:蚊科)

Phylogenetic relationship among the species of Anopheles subgenus Cellia(Diptera:Culicidae)in China:inferred by mitochondrial and ribosomal DNA sequences

【目的】应用mtDNA和rDNA基因特征重建中国按蚊属塞蚊亚属已知种类的系统发育关系,以阐明亚属内各蚊种的亲缘关系。【方法】对采自中国的按蚊属塞蚊亚属Anopheles（Cellia）20种蚊的mtDNA-COⅡ和rDNA-28S-D3序列进行测定和分析,以按蚊属按蚊亚属Anopheles（Anopheles）的中华按蚊An.（An.）sinensis和赫坎按蚊An.（An.）hyrcanus为外群,采用COⅡ和D3单基因,以及＂COⅡ＋D3＂联合数据组以邻接法（NJ）、最大简约法（MP）、最大似然法（ML）和贝叶斯法（BI）等重建这些种类的系统发育树。【结果】mtDNA-COⅡ和rDNA-28S-D3序列的长度范围分别为685bp和375~410bp,在塞蚊亚属蚊种间的遗传距离分别为0.015~0.117和0.003-0.111。各系统树显示外群被合理分开,除在COⅡ树中新塞蚊系为并系外,各系均聚为单系群,新迈蚊系和迈蚊系亲缘关系最近。联合数据组构建的系统合意树显示中国塞蚊亚属各蚊种形成4支,除伪威氏按蚊与多斑按蚊种团未聚为单系群外,其他各种团和复合体成员种均分别聚在一起,各分支的置信值均大于50%。【结论】本研究获得的分子系统发育树清楚地显示了中国按蚊属塞蚊亚属各种类及系之间的系统发育关系,对其分类和防治研究具有参考价值。

[Aim] To reconstruct the phylogeny of the known species of Anopheles subgenus Cellia from China based on mtDNA-COⅡ and rDNA-28S-D3 sequences,and to interpret the interspecific genetic relationship among them.[Methods] mtDNA-COⅡ and rDNA-28S-D3 genes of 20 species in subgenus Cellia and 2 species in subgenus Anopheles of genus Anopheles were sequenced and analyzed.The trees of neighbor joining（NJ）,maximum parsimony（MP）,maximum likelihood（ML）and Bayesian inference（BI）of these species were constructed based on COⅡ,D3 and COⅡ with D3 conjunction dataset,with Anopheles（An.）sinensis and An.（An.）hyrcanus as the outgroup.[Results] The length range was 685 bp for mtDNA-COⅡ and 375-410 bp for rDNA-28S-D3,and the level of pairwise genetic distances among Cellia mosquitoes was 0.015-0.117 for COⅡ and 0.003-0.111 for D3 gene.All the phylogeny trees showed that the outgroup was divergent.The Neomyzomyia series was monophyletic,but paraphyletic in COⅡ tree.The relationship between Myzomyia and Neomyzomyia was close.The 50% consensus tree by COⅡ with D3 conjunction dataset showed that the 20 species in subgenus Cellia from China were clustered to 4 major clades,and all members of each series and group were respectively clustered together with above 50% bootstrap value,except Anopheles（Cellia）pseudowillmori not clustered within the maculatus group.[Conclusion] This molecular phylogeny clearly showed the interspecies and inter-series genetic relationship among Chinese subgenus Cellia mosquitoes,and could be useful for the taxonomy and control measures.