湖南不同烟区烤烟烟碱含量差异的生态原因

Ecological reasons for the difference in nicotine content of flue-cured tobacco planted in different regions of Hunan Province

于2007年在湖南省3个典型植烟生态区代表地(湘西北桑植县、湘中浏阳市、湘南永州市)分别同时进行大田本土栽培、客土与本土单独盆栽试验,检测烤烟K326收获期各处理中部烟叶杀青样品的烟碱含量,研究湖南不同烟区烤烟烟碱含量差异的主要生态原因.结果表明:湖南不同烟区大田本土正常栽培烤烟的平均烟碱含量存在显著差异,其中以桑植烟区所产烟叶烟碱含量最高,其次是浏阳烟区,永州烟区最低.盆栽试验结果表明,气候对湖南烟区烤烟烟碱含量有显著影响,土壤及其与气候的互作对湖南烟区烤烟烟碱含量的影响有限.气候、土壤及两者互作对湖南烟区烤烟烟碱含量变异的贡献率依次为60.0%、12.8%和27.2%.与湖南烟区烤烟烟碱含量关联度较大的主要亚生态因子依次为:成熟期的云量和伸根期的相对湿度、日照时数、昼夜温差、降雨量以及旺长期的平均气温.综合分析表明,气候是导致湖南烟区烤烟烟碱含量差异的主要生态因素.

Aimed to explore the ecological reasons for the difference in nicotine content of fluecured tobacco planted in different regions of Hunan Province,field experiments were conducted in Sangzhi,Liuyang,and Yongzhou counties,the three typical tobacco regions of Hunan Province,taking tobacco variety K326 as the test object.Simultaneously,pot experiments with local soils and guest soils were carried out.The nicotine content of mid position tobacco leaves was analyzed at harvest time.Field experiments showed that the average nicotine content of tobacco leaves differed significantly among test sites,with that in Sangzhi being the highest,followed by Liuyang,and Yongzhou.Pot experiments showed that climate had significant effects on the average nicotine content of tobacco leaves,while soil and its interaction with climate had less effects.The contribution rate of climate,soil,and their interaction on the variance of the average nicotine content was 60.0%,12.8% and 27.2%,respectively.The main sub-ecological factors closely related to the average nicotine content of flue-cured tobacco planted in different regions of Hunan Province were in turn the cloud cover at maturing stage,the relative humidity,sunshine hours,diurnal temperature variance,and rainfall at root-extending stage,and the average air temperature at vigorous growth stage.Generally,climate was the main ecological factor that led to the nicotine content difference of flue-cured tobacco planted in different regions of Hunan Province.