日本海外矿产资源获取机制分析

An Analysis of Japan's Acquisition System for Overseas Mineral Resources

矿产资源争夺激烈的今天,日本海外矿产资源获取能力依然惊人,这与其获取机制密不可分。日本从政府、矿产资源机构和企业着手,通过三者间的良性互动,巩固海外矿产资源供应链。宏观维度,政府制定了一系列海外矿产资源获取计划。中观维度,建立实施政府战略的操作机构,即日本石油天然气金属矿产资源机构和国际协力银行。微观维度,以日本最大石油公司,新日石油为例,实证分析日本企业海外矿产资源获取内部机制及获取途径。本文通过借鉴上述日本海外矿产资源获取的先进经验,提出了关于我国在海外资源获取战略、拓宽投融资渠道及提高组织机构运作效率等方面全面改革的几点建议。

Under the circumstance of fierce competition for mineral resources,Japan＇s ability of acquiring overseas mineral resource remains very strong,which is linked closely to its acquisition system.There is a perfect communication channel between Japanese government,mineral resource institutions and enterprises with which the supply chain of overseas mineral resources has been reinforced.On the macroscopic dimension,the government has launched various projects;on the medium dimension,institutions which carry out the above projects have sprung up,e.g.,JOGMEC and JBIC.On the microscopic dimension,exemplified by the largest oil company in Japan（the Nippon Oil Corp.）,the authors have analyzed the internal acquisition system and the channel of overseas mineral resources among the Japanese enterprises.By absorbing advanced experience of Japan＇s acquisition system for overseas mineral resources,this paper recommends several improved methods to China＇s mineral corporations with the purpose of achieving an overall reform on overseas resource acquisition strategy,widening financing and investment channel and raising the efficiency of relevant institutions.