人参皂甙组分的分离方法

Separating Protopanaxdiol Saponin from Ginsenosides

人参的主要活性成分人参皂甙有人参二醇类皂甙、人参二醇类皂甙和齐墩果酸皂甙3种，其中药物活性较高的微量皂甙Rg3可由人参二醇类皂甙转化而来。为得到人参二醇类皂甙，用硅胶柱法成功地从人参总皂甙中分离出三醇类皂甙、二醇类皂甙和齐墩果酸皂甙。3种洗脱剂对二醇类皂甙（含齐墩果酸）的收率为23．5％、35．3％和25．6％。混合二醇类皂甙经水解再硅胶柱分离的方法可得到混合皂甙质量的30％Rg3，使制取大量的Rg3成为可能。

Ginsenosides, induding protopanaxdiol, protopanaxtriol and oleanonic acid, are mainactive substances in ginseng. Protopanaxdiol can be converted to produce Ginsenoside Rg3 whichis higher in activity. In order to obtain more and pure Rg3, separation of ginsenosides by the silicagel column is studied. It is found that three kinds of solvent systems can successfully separatingprotopanaxtriol saponin from ginsenosides. Their productions of protopanoxdiol saponin (including oleanolic acid saponin) are 23. 5 %, 35. 3 % and 25. 6 %. Since Oleanolic acid saPOnin don' treact with acid and the protopanoxdiol, saponin can be hydrolysiz ed to Rg3 by acid, the protopanoxdiol saponin (including oleanolic acid saponin) is taken to react with acid 1. 1g protopanaxdiol saponin can pruduce 0. 3g Rg3. It is possible to get planty of ginsenoside Rg3, by using this method.