唯科学主义与极权主义双重挤压下的人性危机——论赫胥黎的小说《美丽新世界》

The Humanity Crisis under the Double Repression of Scientism and Totalitarianism:On Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World

英国现代主义小说家阿道斯.赫胥黎的反乌托邦小说《美丽新世界》,历来以其精确的预言性和丰富的趣味性为读者所青睐。然而,赫胥黎的真正意图并非是对未来世界的预言,而是对现存社会的讽刺,讽刺的对象是人们对于唯科学主义的盲目崇拜和极权主义对人性的压抑。因为过于崇尚唯科学主义导致人的全面＂异化＂,因为实行极权主义,自由与民主受到戕害。作者这样做的目的是期待藉此唤起人们对社会深层问题的关注,认识到人的自身价值,在此基础上建设一个更加充满人性光辉的、和谐的社会。

Aldous Huxley’s dystopian novel Brave New World is favored by readers due to its precise prophecies and interesting plots.However,Huxley’s real intention is not to make prophecy but to satirize the contemporary society.The objects being satirized are human being’s blind worship to scientism and totalitarianism which inhibit the human nature.The excessive advocating of scientism leads to the human being’s full-scale alienation and the implement of totalitarianism harm human’s liberty and democracy.By doing so,the author expects to arouse readers’ concern for the deeper social problems and to help readers realize the value of human being.On this basis,a harmonious society which is full of humanistic glory is to be built.