遗传算法在无线传感器网络覆盖中仿真研究

Simulation Research for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Genetic Algorithm Chenwei Yinweili

在无线传感器覆盖问题的研究中,传统覆盖算法存在节点覆盖区域间重复率高、能耗浪费从而导致网络覆盖效率低、网络寿命短的难题。为了提高无线传感器网络的覆盖率、延长网络生存时间,提出一种遗传算法优化的无线传感网络覆盖方法。首先把拓扑控制思想引入到网络节能覆盖中,无线传感器最大覆盖率为目标,建立一个感知半径之和最小的数学模型,然后利用遗传算法对模型进行求解,从而得到最优网络覆盖。最后进行仿真实验,仿真结果表明,相对于传统算法,不仅节能而且可以用较少的传感器节点获得较高覆盖率、有效地降低信道通讯干扰、提高网络的抗毁性。

Since wireless sensor networks consist of a large number of tiny sensors with limited power supply,it becomes a major concern that how to extend sensor network lifetime and maintain sufficient sensing area at the same time.As optimal Coverage Algorithm is a NP complete problem,a new optimal algorithm for selecting the set of nodes is thus designed on the basis of genetic algorith.Topology control was introduced into the research of the energy-efficient coverage,and establishes the mathematical model with the smallest perception radius was built,and the genetic algorithm to solve the model was used to get the optimal coverage solution.And then energy consumption model of the coverage scheme was built.Finally,the algorithm is analysed and simulated.The results show that the scheme can not only save more energy,but also obtain higher coverage,stronger survivability and less interference among channels by deploying same amount sensor nodes as those of traditional schemes.