干扰素诱导的MxA蛋白及其抗丙型肝炎病毒感染作用的研究进展

Progress in Research on Interferon-induced MxA and Its Therapeutic Effect on Hepatitis C Virus Infection

干扰素α(Interferon α,IFNα)是目前公认的可有效抗丙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis C virus,HCV)的药物,其主要通过诱导细胞产生抗病毒蛋白而发挥作用。抗黏病毒蛋白A(Mixovirus resistance protein A,MxA)是由I型IFN诱导产生的相对分子质量为78000的抗病毒蛋白,主要分布于细胞质中,具有识别HCV核糖核蛋白复合物(Virus ribonucleoprotein complexes,vRNPs)的功能,通过MxA的GTP酶活性水解HCV核衣壳,使病毒核酸释放并被胞浆中的核酸内切酶降解。本文主要对IFN的分类、MxA的结构和作用机制及近年来MxA抗HCV感染作用的研究进展作一综述。

Interferon α has been proven to be effective in the treatment of hepatitis C virus（HCV）infection. This therapeutic effect is reached by IFN-induced antiviral cellular proteins. Mixovirus resistance protein A （MxA）, with a relative molecular mass of 78 000, is one of the cellular proteins induced by type I interferon. As an antiviral protein,MxA accumulates to high levels in the cytoplasm of interferon-treated cells. MxA tightly interacts with components of the virus ribonucleoprotein complexes （vRNPs）of HCV, and hydrolyzes HCV nuclocapsid by its GTPase activity,which makes virus nucleic acid release and be digested by host cell endonuclease. This review focuses the recent progress in research on the classification of IFN, the structure of MxA as well as the therapeutic effect of MxA on hepatitis C virus infection.