水环境监测的酶学方法

Enzymatic Approach for Aquatic Environment Monitoring

对淡水环境水质监测的酶学方法作了扼要的综述。淡水生态系统中的酶能够基本反映水体的生物活性，故能与其它经典生物性指数相参照，而酶活性的变化往往先于细胞数目的变化，故酶学监测方法更为简便和灵敏。酶的活性及其动力学特征亦可对某种特定的生物化学过程或者物质循环机制作出较为深刻精确的描述。因此，酶可望成为特殊层次上的包含综合信息且具有独特含义的监测指标。

Enzymes in freshwater ecosystems indicate microbial activities.The interrelationship between enzyme activity and numbers of classical indicator of trophic levels and organic load has been found.Microorganisms respond to quickly to changes in trophic degree,but faster by changing the levels of enzyme activity than by changing number of cells.So,detection of enzymes seems to be simple and sensitive.In freshwater ecosystes,some biochemical processes and underlying mechanisms can be described in details by changes in enzyme activities.Based on a specific level,enzyme activity is an additional parameter of water condition estimate in aquqtic environments,with general and characteristic information.