商业与政治背景下的美国超级英雄电影

American Superhero Movies under Background of Commerce and Politics

根源于DC与Marvel等公司漫画作品、带有强烈高科技和浪漫色彩的美国式"超级英雄"电影,是近年来美国电影市场上的重要类型。在近一个世纪的美国政治和商业力量变化影响下,这一类型在各种媒介中被不断复制、改编、传播,成为美国人生活中不可缺少的文化符号,并影响波及全世界。近十年以来,美国超级英雄电影在角色、情节、镜头、语言等方面,在遵守类型电影程式框架的同时也发生了一定变化,展示出美国当代社会意识形态话语在新形势下的内在矛盾。

American superhero movies are an important and representative genre of American movie market.Often drawn from such cartoon prototypes as DC and Marvel figures,this type of movie carries with strong imprints of high technology and romantic individualism.The continuous copying,re-adaptation and transmission in media have made them superhero symbols in an integral part of American daily life,and a growing influence on world cultures.The first decade of 21st century have witnessed rapid growth of superhero movies as well as their minor mutations in terms of role-setting,plot,visual language and morale.These changes,although still within the conventions of heroic movies,can be interpreted as a reflection of the inner controversy of American mainstream ideology in a new global context.