羊水过少对围产结局影响的研究

Influence of Perinatal Oligohydramnios on Perinatal Outcome

目的研究围生期羊水过少对围产结局的影响。方法应用B超羊水指数法和直接测量估测羊水量及测定脐动脉收缩期最大血流速度(S)和舒张末期血流速度(D)的比值(S/D),并进行胎儿电子胎心NST监护,对羊水过少组(观察组107例)和羊水正常组(对照组107例)进行对比分析。结果羊水过少与脐带异常,过期妊娠,妊娠合并糖尿病,妊高征等妊娠并发症密切相关。羊水过少组的剖宫产率、胎儿宫内窘迫率、新生儿窒息率、足月低体重儿发生率明显高于对照组。结论羊水过少是一种妊娠并发症,提示宫内情况不良,是早期胎儿缺氧的表现,对围产儿影响严重。羊水过少的孕妇围产结局取决于羊水指数值、羊水混浊程度、S/D比值、胎儿电子监护NST结果及分娩方式,加强对羊水过少的产前监护是非常重要的,剖宫产是重度羊水过少孕妇分娩方式的最佳选择。

Objective To discuss the influence of perinatal oligohydramnios on perinatal outcome.Methods The B-US measurement of amniotic fluid index,direct estimation of the amniotic fluid volume and measurement of the ratio（S/D） of umbilical artery peak systolic velocity（S） to end diastolic velocity（D） are taken;At the same time,electronic fetal heart NST monitoring to infant is conducted and comparative analysis to the oligohydramnios group（observation group of 107 cases） and the normal amniotic fluid group（contrast group of 107 patients） is made.Results Oligohydramnios is closely related to umbilical cord,prolonged pregnancy,gestational diabetes,preeclampsia and other pregnancy complications.The cesarean section rate,fetal distress,neonatal asphyxia and term low birth weight children of the Oligohydramnios group are significantly higher than the normal amniotic fluid group.Conclusion Oligohydramnios is a complication of pregnancy,which suggests adverse intrauterine conditions and the performance of early fetal hypoxia,affecting the perinatal infant seriously.Oligohydramnios perinatal outcomes for pregnant women depend on the value of amniotic fluid index,amniotic fluid turbidity,S/D ratio,electronic fetal monitoring NST results and mode of delivery.Therefore,it is important to strengthen oligohydramnios prenatal care and cesarean section of the delivery mode is the best choice for pregnant women with severe oligohydramnios.