“再”、“还”重复义与动词性词语的“有界”、“无界”

The Repeating Implication of "Zai/Hai"and the Boundedness and Unboundedness of Verbal Phrase

副词"再"、"还"都可以表示未实现动作的重复,"再"是同质动作相继,"还"则是同质动作重复。"再VP"的VP与前一次VP是各有起始点、终止点的有界动作;"还VP"与原VP则是无界的,是未变状态的延续。因此,"再"所表示的重复动作,可以分别单独否定;"还"所表示的重复动作,则必须同时肯定或否定。"再VP"的VP是有界动词性成分,"还VP"的VP是无界动词性成分。"能愿动词+VP"是无界动词性成分,因此只能构成"能愿动词+再+VP"、"还+能愿动词+VP"。

The adverbs ＂zai＂ ＂hai＂ in chinese both can express the repetition of unrealized actio n.＂zai＂ indicates the continuation of the same action,while ＂hai＂ indicates the repetation of the same actio n.The verb phrase in ＂zai＋vp＂ is a bounded action which has independent starting point and ending point from the former v p.Meanwhile,the verb phrase in ＂hai＋vp＂ is unbounded from the former on e.In ＂hai＋vp＂ structure,＂hai＂ indecates the continuation of the unchanged stat e.Therefore the repeated actions indicated by ＂zai＂ can be denied separatly while the repeated actions indicated by ＂hai＂ must be denied or affirmed togethe r.The vp in ＂zai＋vp＂ is bounded verbal part while the vp in ＂hai＋vp＂ is unbounded verbal par t.The structure ＂Optative verb＋vp＂ is an unbounded verbal part,so only the structures ＂optative verb＋zai＋vp＂ and ＂hai＋optative verb＋vp＂ are corre t.