定期康复指导对恢复期精神分裂症患者的康复效果

Effect of periodical rehabilitation directive nursing in schizophrenic patients during recovery

目的 探讨定期康复指导对恢复期精神分裂症患者的康复效果.方法 对80例康复出院的恢复期精神分裂症患者随机分为两组,在有效药物维持治疗的基础上,研究组40例给予每月1次定期康复指导,连续半年;对照组40例给予一般健康教育,在入组时和干预半年后分别评定简明精神病量 表（BPRS）和社会功能缺陷评定量表（SDSS）,然后比较其康复效果.结果 在干预半年后研究组的BPRS总分、SDSS总分和职业功能、社会活动、家庭活动及生活能力因子分均显著降低（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）,且显著低于对照组（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）;研究组的治疗依从性和社会活动的参与性均显著优于对照组（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）,而意外事件的发生率显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）;研究组重新走上工作岗位的比例显著增高（P＜0.05）,而半年内复发的比例显著降低（P＜0.05）.结论 定期康复指导对恢复期精神分裂症患者有较好的康复效果,对稳定病情、提高治疗依从性、恢复社会功能、减少意外事件的发生,都有重要作用.

Objective To explore the efficacy of periodical rehabilitation directive nursing in schizophrenic patients during recovery. Methods 80 outpatients of schizophrenia during recovery were randomly divided into two groups. All the subjects were treated with effective anti-psychotics. The study group （ n = 40） were treated with periodical rehabilitation directive nursing once a month for half a year; the control group （ n =40） were given with general health educations. The two groups were tested with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale （BPRS） and Social Disability Screening Schedule （SDSS） before intervention and after half a year of intervention. The data of two groups were compared. Results Compared with control group, the total scores of BPRS and SDSS, and the factors＇ scores of occupational functions, social activity, family duty and life ability in the study group were significantly decreased （P ＜ 0. 05 ）. The treatment dependence and social activity participation in study group were superior to those in the control group （ P ＜ 0. 05）, while the accident event incidence was lower（P ＜0. 05）. The ratio of re-work in the study group was higher but the re-onset rate in half a year was lower than that of the control group （ P ＜ 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Periodical rehabilitation directive nursing in schizophrenic patients during recovery has showed better efficacy. It was important in controlling illcondition, improving treatment dependence and social function, decreasing incidence of accident event.