不同教育背景母亲在亲子会话中词汇运用的差异比较

A Comparative Study on Vocabulary of Chinese Mothers of Different Educational Background in Interacting with Their Young Children

为探讨不同教育背景的母亲在母子会话中词汇运用水平的差异,本研究对40对母子在自发会话时母亲的词汇运用水平进行了研究,其中40位母亲具有不同的教育背景,其子女年龄分别在18个月、24个月、30个月、36个月四个年龄段。结果表明:在词汇的整体运用水平上,高教育背景母亲的词汇运用水平高于低教育背景母亲,且在基本词汇频次和丰富性等方面呈显著差异;在影响关系上,高教育背景母亲的母子双方词汇运用水平相关程度较高,二者多数为显著或极其显著,而低教育背景母子双方词汇运用水平相关程度低,甚至出现负相关,显示高教育背景母亲对儿童指向言语更为敏感。但研究结果同时显示:两类母亲在运用词汇时均对儿童词汇的年龄发展规律不敏感,因此两类母亲对儿童指向言语的年龄变化的敏感度都不高。

To explore the difference of lexical features between mothers with different educational background in the context of mother-child spontaneous conversations, 40 mother-child dyads with children from four age groups （18 months, 24 months, 30 months and 36 months） were studied. Findings indicated that mothers with high educational background had higher levels of lexical application than those with low educational background, with significant difference on the frequency and diversity of basic words. There was high correlation of lexical application between mothers and children from high maternal educational background while low even negative correlation between low educational background mother-child dyads. The finding showed that mothers of high educational background were more sensitive to children＇s language. However, the results also demonstrated that mothers＇ lexieal application was not sensitive to children＇s agerelated lexical development, indicating that mothers with two different educational backgrounds did not have much sensitivity to children＇s language development.