北京城市空间认知扭曲特征

The Characteristics of Urban Spatial Cognitive Distortion in Beijing

通过BR方法和标准方差椭圆的方法,解析了北京城市居民的空间认知扭曲,着重讨论了系统扭曲和系统扭曲的特点。分析发现:①北京城市空间认知的绝对扭曲结构表现为顺时针向心集聚,呈现出磁石效应,城市中心区明显小于城市郊区的差异可以用报酬假说中的城市中心吸引力较高解释。其中,绘图提示中的天安门发挥着组织北京城市认知空间的核心效能。②北京城市空间的系统扭曲较小,规则的环状路网发挥着城市居民空间认知基准线的作用,导致了高相似拓扑结构,小方向偏转的扭曲效果,折射出北京城市空间结构的鲜明特色。③具体到北京城市内各地点,位置认知差异性显著。集中性方面,郊区小于中心城区,远离环路地点小于环路及其附近地点;主导方向方面,郊区较中心城区明显,提示环路较非环路地点明显。

This article analyzes the spatial cognitive distortion of Beijing residents,and emphatically discusses the systematic distortion and the characteristics of it,in the way of BR and standard deviational ellipse.Three conclusions were obtained as follows： Firstly,the cognition of the informants in the investigated places is clockwise centripetal convergency,presenting the magnet effect,the urban spatial cognition of Beijing residents is clear;the cognitive distortion in the center is smaller than the outlying areas.This can be well explained by urban central attraction of reward hypothesis.Tian＇anmen has the core effect of organizing urban spatial cognition of Beijing.Secondly,the systematic distortion in Beijing urban space is smaller,and the regular annular traffic makes the residents＇cognition datum lines,leading to a high similarity of topological structure and a distortion effect with small deflection angles,and reflecting the distinct characteristic of Beijing urban spatial structure.Thirdly,in the investigated places of Beijing city,the difference of location cognition is significant.The convergency of outlying areas is smaller than that of the town center,and the convergency in places far away from annular traffic is smaller than that near the annular traffic.The suburbs are more obvious than the town center,suggesting that the places near the annular traffic have more obvious convergency.