交通轴线约束下的中国区域经济分布特征

Distribution of Regional Economy in China Based on Transportation Axis

基于点轴渐进据点开发理论及增长极理论,根据2008年中国所有地级以上城市的11项主要经济指标,采用主成分分析得出城市综合经济得分,取前100名城市作为中国的一级经济城市。以此100个城市的地理中心坐标为圆心,以广义空间相互作用理论计算得出的城市经济强影响范围为半径,在GIS中进行缓冲区分析,得到中国一级经济城市的强影响范围。以中国主要铁路干线、主要水系和沿海边界线等轴线束的经济辐射范围为半径,进行缓冲区分析,得到中国的十大一级经济轴线作用区,在每一个轴线作用区运用最小二乘法求出中国的一级经济轴线,并依据现实国情和客观分析结果以及区域的"合理发展"完善了中国一级经济轴线,同时研究了轴线上各城市增长极的层级,以线布点,探讨了中国区域经济发展的特征与规律。

Based on the pole-axis spatial system theory and growth pole theory,11 main economic indicators＇ data obtained from all the cities at prefecture level and above in 2008 were analyzed by employing principal component analysis to calculate the urban comprehensive score.Among all the cities,100 top cities were selected as the primary cities.By choosing the sampled 100 cities as geographical centres,their economic impacting areas were determined by applying the spatial interaction theory,and meanwhile the urban economic influential radiuses were also explored,through buffer zone analysis in GIS.Taking the main railway lines,the main water distribution systems and the coastal boundaries as references,the average values of the radiuses of the primary cities which these axes running through were regarded as the economic influential radiuses to conduct the buffer zone analysis in GIS,and the top 10 primary axis impacting areas in China were named.Based on this,the primary economy axes in China were positioned through axes least-square method analysis.The results showed that cities located in the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan economic zone,the peninsula of Shandong economic zone,and Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta economic regions have developed to an advanced city cluster development phase,the central-eastern part of China has stepped into a pole-axis web shaped development phase,while the western China has not yet formed the primary axis.By combining the actual situations in China and the results obtained through this research,suggestions for improving the Chinese primary axes were also proposed,and the levels of growth poles on the primary axes were categorized.Based on the improvement of the primary axis,the cities for future development were selected from the axes.Finally,the micro regional economic policies were discussed.