山坡蓄量动力学理论及其在水文模拟中的应用前景

The Hillslope-storage Dynamics Theory and Its Application in Catchment Hydrology Modeling

山坡地貌特征,即山坡地形曲率的敛散、凹凸等性质,是影响土壤含水量、产流面积空间分布的重要地形控制因子。山坡蓄量动力学理论(Hillslope-storage dynamics)是一种融合地貌特征的山坡水文模拟方法。其引入宽度函数和土壤厚度函数的概念,建立基于土壤蓄水能力的一维山坡蓄量动力学方程,这是采用低维方法描述山坡复杂三维结构的水文响应的一种简化方法,大大降低了模型的复杂程度。该理论解决流域水文模拟的尺度和参数化问题的潜力已经得到重视,但仍需开展尺度效应研究,通过野外观测事实和大量理论分析成果为此项研究提供支撑。

Topographic convergence（or divergence）and convex（or concave）are first order controls over stream flow and saturation,etc.Hillslope-storage dynamics provides a theoretical method that is able to capture the essential behavior of the natural system by low dimensional equations pertaining to hillslope length,slope and form.The low dimensional equations of hillslope scale flow processes can be formulated by introducing hillslope width function and soil depth function such that the essential physical behaviour of the natural system is preserved.Hillslope-storage dynamics need to be verified for solving scale and parameterization problems through theoretical analysis and experimental observations.And related studies will improve our understanding of hillslope hydrodynamics and mechanism of rainfall-runoff in mountain catchment,which will provide theoretical and technical supports for mountain catchment flash flood forecasting.