基于声发射传感器阵列的风机叶片结构健康监测方法

Structural Health Monitoring of Wind Turbine Blade Based on Sensor Array and Acoustic Emission

风机叶片结构健康监测是一个迫切需要解决的问题。通过分析各种风力机叶片的损伤检测方法,结合声发射技术特点,研究了基于声发射传感器阵列的风机叶片结构健康监测方法。其中,PZT压电陶瓷传感器阵列布设于受损率较高的叶片部位,对叶片按20%最大设计载荷的增量施加载荷,结合Kaiser效应和Felicity效应,分析采集到的声发射信号,统计声发射波击数,从而判断损伤发生的区域。该方法相比于其他检测技术具有灵敏度高、定位准确和实时性好的特点,在风机叶片结构健康监测研究领域具有较大的意义。

The structural health monitoring of the wind turbine blade is an urgent problem to be solved in wind energy area. This paper analyzed techniques of damage detection for the wind turbine blade and studied the method to monitor the structural health of them based on the acoustic emission sensor array. In the monitoring system PZT sensor array was designed and arranged in areas of high damage probability. Loading to the blade was changed at step of 20% of the maximum designed loading, and the acoustic signal was collected and analyzed so as to determine the damage area based on statistics of acoustic wave hits. This method has the advantages of high sensitivity, accurate location, and real-time detection, thus is a promising method in practical applications.