论清入关前对科尔沁蒙古的统一与管理

Unity and Management of the Qing Dynasty to Khorchin Mongolia before the Manchu Troops Entering into Shanhaiguan

科尔沁蒙古是东北西部一个具有悠久历史的蒙古族游牧部落。满族兴起后,从后金政权到清朝建立,清太祖努尔哈赤和清太宗皇太极父子对游牧于黑龙江西部地区的科尔沁蒙古非常重视。为了争取这支强大的蒙古族部落,努尔哈赤和皇太极先后采取了结盟、联姻、恩赏封爵、立法约束及划地编旗等策略使科尔沁蒙古由敌对转向归附,最后彻底臣服。在入关前,清政权基本上完成了对科尔沁蒙古的统一与管理。后金—清政权对科尔沁蒙古的统一与管理,为清统一蒙古创造了条件,为清朝入主中原奠定了基础。

Khorchin Mongolian is a Mongolian nomad with a long history in the west of northeast region.After the Manchu rising,from the post-Jin regime to the establishment of Qing Dynasty,Nuerhachi,Taizu emperor of Qing Dynasty,and Huang Taiji,Taizong emperor of Qing Dynasty extremely attached importance to the nomadic Khorchin Mongolian living in the western regions of Heilongjiang province.In order to get the powerful Mongolian tribes,Nuerhachi and Huang Taiji made the tribes surrender from hostile,finally yield thoroughly,by taking measures such as alliance,ex-marriage,rewarding knighthoods,legislative constraints and assigning lands and flags.Before entering into Shanhaiguan,the authority of Qing Dynasty had basically completed the unity and the management of Mongolian.post-Jin-Qing＇s regime and management of the unified Khorchin Mongolian provided the conditions for the Qing Dynasty and laid the foundation for entering the Central Plains.