温州市2006-2009年水痘流行特征分析

Investigation on varicella cases in Wenzhou,2006-2009

目的了解温州市水痘的流行特征及流行趋势,为采取防治措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对2006-2009年国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统和突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统的水痘疫情资料进行统计,并对水痘的时间、年龄、性别、职业和区域发病情况进行比较分析。结果 2006-2009年共报告水痘病例17 075例,年均发病率为56.11/10万。4年间发病率呈逐年增高趋势。中小学生、学龄前儿童分别占病例总数的58.93%和30.31%。发病有明显季节性,在夏季和冬季出现发病高峰。5-9岁年龄组人群发病率最高。水痘暴发以学生群体,尤以农村地区的小学生为多。结论目前温州市水痘疫情形势仍较严峻,应采取措施提高水痘疫苗接种率,降低发病率。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological situation and trend of varicella infection.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of varicella cases in Wenzhou City from 2006 to 2009.The data were collected from National Disease and Emergency Public Reporting System.The analyzed variables included the seasonal and annual variations,region,age and population distributions of varicella cases.Results There were 17 075 varicella cases reported between 2006 and 2009 with an average annual incidence rate of 56.11/lakh,which had been gradually increasing for the four years.The students of school and pre-school accounted for 58.93% and 30.31% of the total cases,respectively.The peak seasons of varicella cases occurred in early summer and winter.The children aged 5~9 years had the highest incidence rate（404.94/lakh）.Clustered cases and outbreaks of varicella infection were seen among students,especially those in primary schools of rural areas.Conclusion Varicella is high contagious as confirmed by the tremendous cases in Wenzhou city,although it is not a compulsory report disease.Comprehensive intervention measures should be taken to protect children of school and preschool,including the increase of vaccination coverage rate and consideration of adding the disease into the surveillance network of compulsory reporting.