北京市昌平区自然人群乙型肝炎血清流行病学调查研究

A seroepidemiological survey on hepatitis B virus infection in Changping District of Beijing

目的探讨北京市昌平区自然人群乙型病毒性肝炎（乙肝）病毒（HBV）血清学感染状况。方法在全区范围内,按照多阶段整群随机抽样的方法调查1岁以上各年龄组自然人群,对538名对象的乙肝疫苗接种情况以及主要危险因素进行问卷调查。采集每名对象静脉血,利用雅培微粒子酶免疫分析法检测HBV五项血清学指标。结果乙肝HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc阳性率以及HBV总感染率分别为3.16%（95%CI：1.68-4.64）,39.22%（95%CI：35.09-43.35）,29.74%（95%CI：25.88-33.60）,30.11%（95%CI：26.23-33.99）;年龄标化率分别为2.94%、47.5%、22.96%和23.21%。HBV感染率的年龄组、城乡及职业的差异有统计学意义（P值分别为0.000、0.041和0.000）。结论 0-14岁儿童的HBsAg阳性率大幅下降;应加强成人乙肝疫苗的接种工作。

Objective To explore the serological evidence of hepatitis B virus（HBV） infection in general population in Changping District of Beijing.Methods A multistage randomized cluster sampling was carried out in general population of Changping District of Beijing.538 participants aged over 1 year were investigated for the risk factors of HBV infection and the history of HBV vaccination through questionnaire.Blood samples were collected and tested for HBsAg and associated antibodies with Abbott micro-particle enzyme immunoassay testing.Results The prevalence rate of HBsAg,anti-HBs,anti-HBc and HBV infection were 3.16%（95%CI：1.68～4.64）,39.22%（95%CI：35.09～43.35）,29.74%（95%CI：25.88～33.60） and 30.11%（95%CI：26.23～33.99） respectively.The age standardized rates were 2.94%,47.5%,22.96%and 23.21% for HBsAg,anti-HBs,anti-HBc,and HBV infection respectively.Conclusion The positive proportion of HBsAg has decreased significantly in the population younger than 14 years old since 1992.The efforts should be given to increase the coverage of HBV vaccination for adults.