上海市闸北区5～15岁儿童注意力缺陷伴多动障碍症状的调查

Survey on ADHD symptoms among children aged 5 -15 years in zhabei district in Shanghai

目的了解并分析上海闸北区5～15岁儿童青少年注意力缺陷伴多动障碍（ADHD）的症状阳性率和影响因素。方法采用一般情况调查表和注意力缺陷及多动症状调查表对上海市闸北区5～15岁儿童青少年整群一分层抽样进行调查。共回收有效问卷9627份，针对注意力缺陷及多动症状调查表中症状阳性率的总体情况、年龄分布、及其与性别、户籍、家庭情况的关系，进行了比较和分析。结果大部分症状阳性率大致随年龄增大而递减；阳性率最高年龄段大多分布于5～7岁和7～9岁；男性阳性率显著高于女性；外地户籍的儿童阳性率均高于上海市户籍和外国国籍的儿童；按父母文化程度比较，症状阳性率有显著差异。结论注意力缺陷症状的阳性率普遍高于多动症状，父母文化程度的高低与儿童青少年ADHD症状严重程度有关。

Objective To understand and analyze the positive rate of ADHD symptoms and influential factors among ADHD children aged 5-15 years in Zhahei district, Shanghai. Methods With general backgrounds questionnaire, ADHD symptom rating questionnaire and cluster-- stratified sampling, we investigated children aged 5--15 years from Zhabei district. 9627 valid questionnaires were recycled in total, by conducting statistical analysis on the positive rate of inattention symptoms and hyperactivity-- impulsivity symptoms.the age span and did comparison among sex.residence and family situation. Results The positive rate of most ADHD symptoms decreased with age increases; ehilclren aged 5-7 and 7- 9 years old were found the highest positive rate; concerning the positive rate of ADHD symptoms, boys had higher rate than girls; external residence children had higher rate than local residence and foreign na- tionality children; and all positive rates of ADHD symptoms decreased if their parents had higher educational levels. Conclusions The positive rate of inattention problems are more common than hyperactivity problems,parents＇ level of education is associated with ADHD symptoms severity.