地钱对木油厂汞矿区重金属污染的指示潜力

The indicatory potential of Marchantia polymorpha L. for evaluation the heavy metal contamination in Muyouchang Mercury Mine

对贵州木油厂汞矿区地钱及其基质中的Cu、Zn、Ca、Mg、Cd、Pb、Hg和As 8种元素进行测定分析,以揭示地钱指示基质中重金属污染的潜力。结果表明:(1)基质中Cu、Cd、Hg和As元素的含量分别是相应标准值的1.34、1.79、331.80、1.12倍,该汞矿区受到复合污染,且Hg污染最严重。(2)地钱对Pb的富集系数是所测重金属元素中最高的,可用于治理该汞矿区Pb污染。(3)地钱对Cu的富集是同一水平,说明可以指示其基质含Cu量;对Cd的富集系数多为同一水平,说明趋向于指示其基质含Cd量。(4)地钱对Hg和As的富集系数多为贫化,说明地钱对这2种元素有抵抗作用。(5)相关分析显示,Cu与Mg、Mg与Cd之间显著负相关(显著性概率水平为0.05),它们之间有拮抗作用;Zn与As之间显著正相关(显著性概率水平为0.05),它们之间有协同作用。

An investigation was conducted in Muyouchang Mercury Mine of Guizhou to analysis the contents of 8 elements（Cu,Zn,Ca,Mg,Cd,Pb,Hg and As） in Marchantia polymorpha L.and its substrates,as well as to reveal the indicatory potential of Marchantia polymorpha L.for evaluation heavy metal contamination in its substrates.The results were as follows.（1）The average contents of Cu,Cd,Hg and As in substrates were 1.34,1.79,331.80 and 1.12 times as high as the corresponding standard values,which illuminated that the mine has been contaminated by complex pollution,particularly by Hg.（2）The accumulation coefficient of Marchantia polymorpha L.for Pb was the highest which showed that Marchantia polymorpha L.could be used for governing Pb contamination.（3）Marchantia polymorpha L.could indicate the Cu and Cd pollution in the substrates for the accumulation coefficients of Cu and Cd were basically belonged to the same level.（4）Marchantia polymorpha L.had biogeochemical barrier action to Hg and As which correlated the poor accumulation coefficients.（5）A negative correlation was found between Cu and Mg,Mg and Cd,they were antagonistic to each other,while Zn was positively correlated with As and they were synergistic.