湖南省4～16岁儿童睡眠障碍的流行学调查

Epidemiological Survey of Sleep Disorders in 4 16 Year old

目的：了解湖南省４～１６岁儿童睡眠障碍流行学资料。方法：对湖南省８６４４名４～１６岁城乡儿童采用二阶段流行病学调查方法，以ＤＳＭ－Ⅲ－Ｒ为诊断标准，调查湖南省城乡儿童，了解儿童睡眠障碍的患病率、分布特征，并用病例对照研究方法对有关危险因素进行探讨。结果：睡眠障碍总时点患病率为１．３５％，农村患病率（２．０１％）明显高于城市（０．９８％），男性（１．３５％）与女性（１．３６％）无差异。４２．７３％患儿合并其他精神卫生问题，Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析发现，与儿童睡眠障碍有关的危险因素依次为：不良的教养方式、精神病家族史、出生时异常及母孕期有害因素。结论：儿童睡眠障碍主要以梦魇，睡惊障碍为主，心理社会因素是其主要危险因素。

Objective:To find out the prevalence of sleep disorders in children and adolecents aged 4 16.Method:A two stage epidemiological survey was carried out on a sample aged 4 16 years in Hunan province.Clinical diagnosis was made according to criteria of DSM Ⅲ R.Result:Of the 8644 subjects screened,117 were diagnosed as sleep disorders.The total point prevalence was 1 35%.The prevalence in children of 7 8 year old group was the highest(2 4%).Sleep disorders were higher in rural area(2 01%) than that in urban districts(0 98%).The prevalence of boys was 1 35%,girls 1 36%.There was no significant difference between them.Nightmare was the commonest in sleep disorders.Of the children with sleep disorders,42 73%(50/117) were complicated with other mental health problems.Logistic regression revealed that main risk factors of sleep disorders were poor attitude to education,family history of Psychoses,suffering from disease at or after childbirth,maternal disease in pregnant.Conclusion:Psychological factors play a role in sleep disorders of children or adolescents.