442例不同年龄段抑郁症患者的临床特征及治疗回顾性分析

Analysis of clinical characteristics and therapy in different age-groups with depression

目的:调查分析重庆地区不同年龄段抑郁症患者的临床特征及治疗药物特点,探寻在不同年龄段抑郁症患者临床特征及治疗是否存在差异。方法:采取回顾性分析方法,调阅2006～2009年重庆医科大学附属第一医院585例抑郁症患者住院病历,选择其中病历资料完整并符合本研究要求的442例进行分析,青少年组37例,中青年组338例,老年组67例,应用抑郁症病历回顾资料调查表,采用SPSS13.0软件统计分析。结果:3组患者在年龄、文化程度及婚姻差异有统计学意义,在性别、性格及家族史阳性差异无统计学意义;青少年组生活事件发生率高于老年组(χ2=5.63,P<0.05);老年组合并躯体疾病发生率高于中青年组(χ2=20.17,P<0.01),中青年组合并躯体疾病比率高于青少年组(χ2=5.12,P<0.05);老年组焦虑症状发生率高于青少年组和中青年组(χ2=12.43,P<0.01;χ2=15.23,P<0.01),3组患者在药物治疗方面差异无统计学意义。结论:不同年龄段的抑郁症患者在发生诱因上有差异,随着年龄的增长,以躯体疾病为诱因引发抑郁症的比例会增大。不同年龄段抑郁症患者在临床症状也存在差异,相对青少年患者及中青年患者,老年期患者有更多的焦虑症状。不同年龄段患者在抗抑郁药物选择上差异无统计学意义。

Objective：To explore the differences of clinical characteristics and therapeutic drugs among three groups of inpatients with depression in Chongqing which were divided by age.Methods：We used a medical record schedule table to analyze 442 patients with major depression,including 37 adolescents,338 middle-aged adults and 67 elderly people,whom hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from 2006 to 2009,the SPSS13.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results：The results showed that there were significant differences in age,level of education and marriage among three groups,but no significant differences were found in gender,personality and family history;the incidence of life stress in adolescent group was significantly higher than elderly group（χ2=5.63,P0.05）.The elderly group had more somatic illness than middle-aged group（χ2=20.17,P0.01）,in which the middle-aged group was more than adolescent group.The incidence of anxiety in elderly group was significantly higher than the other two groups（χ2=12.43,P0.01;χ2=15.23,P0.01）.No conspicuous differences were found among three groups in medical treatment.Conclusion：The inpatients with depression of different age-groups had remarkable differences in disease inducement,the proportion of somatic illness in inducements get higher as age increases.There are differences in clinical symptoms among different age-groups.Elderly patients have more incidences of anxiety comparing to adolescent group and elderly group.Different age-groups have no significant differences in antidepressants choice.