弥漫性轴索损伤的研究进展

Progress of diffuse axonal injury

弥漫性轴索损伤(diffuse axonal injury,DAI)以脑白质轴索弥漫性损伤为主要特征,迄今其形成机制尚未完全阐明,不同学科诊断标准迥异,是法医学和神经科学亟待解决的难题。磁共振弥散张量成像(diffusion tensor imaging,DTI)通过检测弥散参数及纤维束成像(fibre tracking,FT)可准确地反映轴索损伤部位及损伤程度,具有广泛的法医学应用前景。本文综述DAI发生机制及诊断方法的研究进展,尤其DTI技术在DAI诊断中的应用。

Diffuse axonal injury（DAI） is characterized by extensive axonal injury in white matter.So far,the exact mechanism of DAI remained unknown and the diagnostic criteria of that varied in different subjects,contributing to a pressing problem in forensic science and neuroscience.By the means of detecting diffusion parameters and fibre tracking,the sites and extent of axonal injury could be readily determined by diffusion tensor imaging（DTI）.This paper thoroughly discussed the progress of DAI in machanism and diagnostic methods,especially for the application of diffusion tensor imaging（DTI） in the diagnosis of DAI.