计算机辅助三维重建下的颞下颌关节形态发生

Morphogenesis of human temporomandibular joint region： computer-aided 3D reconstruction

目的：观察颞下颌关节的形态发生，初探形态变化与组织分化的联系。方法：光镜下观察并描记胎儿期颞下颌关节窝、关节盘、髁状突及Meckel软骨组织学图像，PC机行三维重建。结果：颞骨关节面从中线向侧方逐渐沉积，覆盖原始髁突始基；软骨始基的下后缘改建迅速，稍后软骨中血管长入，并常与其上方颞骨软骨内成骨同时出现；骨化区初现于Meckel软骨下缘开始扭曲处。结论：胎儿期颞下颌关节各部分外形不断改变，与组织分化关系密切。

Objective： To elucidate the temporomandibular changes, and to study the morphogenesis of temporomandibular joint region by three-dimensional reconstruction. Methods： Five human fetuses of 53 to 160 mm Crown-rump length （CRL） were selected. The heads of all specimens were prepared as serial histological sections, then graphically three-dimensional re- construction aided by computer was performed. Results.. The depositions of temporal bone gradually spread over the primor- dial condyle from the medial to lateral aspect. The lower-posterior segment of the condylar cartilage remodeled fast, and then the vascularization appeared in the condylar head. The vascularization often coincided with the endochondral ossification in the petrous portion of the temporal bone. A constant ossifying element did grow out along the lower brim of Meekel＇s cartilage at the area where the cartilage fold had formed. Conclusion： The changes of the temporomandibular joint appearance during morphogenesis is closely related to tissue differentiation.