乳腺癌骨转移临床相关因素的研究

Clinical factors related to bone metastases from breast cancer

目的 研究乳腺癌骨转移的临床和影像学资料,寻找影响骨转移的相关因素,为早期诊断提供依据.方法 对334例乳腺癌患者全身骨显像、临床分期、病理、免疫组织化学及血清学检-查结果进行回顾性分析,并对数据行χ2检验.结果 有淋巴结转移者骨转移率71.0%（152/214）,没有淋巴结转移者骨转移率为22.5%（27/120）,两者比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=72.80,P=0.000） 浸润性非特殊性癌骨转移率69.0%（203/294）,浸润性特殊性癌骨转移率41.7%（5/12）,两者比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=3.97,P=0.046） 骨转移中碱性磷酸酶（ALP）升高者占28.5%（51/179）,非骨转移中ALP升高者占14.9%（11/74）,两者比较差异也有统计学意义（χ2=5.25,P=0.022） 而骨转移中肿瘤标志物[癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖类抗原（CA）15-3、CA125、CA19-9]升高者占68.7%（123/179）,非骨转移中肿瘤标志物升高者占27.0%（20/74）（χ2=37.03,P=0.000）.结论 乳腺癌骨转移的发生率与原发灶的病理类型、发病时有无淋巴结转移有关,浸润性非特殊性癌或有淋巴结转移者骨转移率较高.动态监测血清ALP、CEA、CA15-3、CA125、CA19-9有助于早期诊断.

Objective To study the clinical and imaging features of patients with bone metastases from breast cancer and identify the factors related to the incidence of bone metastases. Methods Three hundred and thirty-four patients with breast cancer were recruited into this study. Whole-body 99Tcm-methylene disphosphonate （MDP） bone scan, clinical staging, pathological, immunohistochemical and serological test results were analyzed retrospectively. χ2 test was used for statistical analysis. Results The incidence rate of bone metastases for patients with and without lymph node metastases was 71% （152/214） and 22. 5% （27/120）, respectively （χ2 =72.80, P =0.000）. The incidence rate of bone metastases from infiltrated non-specified and specified breast cancer was 69% （203/294） and 41.7% （5/12）, respectively （χ2 =3. 97, P=0.046）. Alkaline phosphatase （ALP） was elevated in 28.5% （51/179） and 14.9%（11/74） of patients with and without bone metastases, respectively （χ2 = 5. 25, P = 0.022 ）. Carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA）, carbohydrate antigen （CA） 15-3, CA125, CA19-9 increased in 68.7% （ 123/179） and 27.0% （20/74） of patients with and without bone metastases, respectively （χ2 = 37. 03, P =0. 000）. Conclusions The incidence of bone metastases from breast cancer is correlated to pathological types of primary tumor and lymph node metastases. Bone metastases occurs more frequently in patients with infiltrated, non-specified, primary cancer and with lymph node metastases. Serum ALP, CEA, CA15-3,CA125, CA19-9 might be the tumor makers for early diagnosis of bone metastases from breast cancer.