99Tcm-DMSA肾皮质显像和肾超声检查在小儿急性肾盂肾炎中的对比研究

Comparison of 99Tcm-DMSA renal cortical scintigraphy and ultrasonography in diagnosing acute pyelonephritis in children

目的 比较肾超声检查和99Tcm-二巯基丁二酸（DMSA）肾皮质显像在诊断小儿急性肾盂肾炎（APN）中的作用.方法 对临床拟诊为APN的165例患儿均行肾超声检查及99Tcm-DMSA肾皮质显像.其中男79例,女86例,年龄1.5个月11岁,平均20个月.以肾皮质显像为诊断参考标准,确定肾超声检测APN的灵敏度及特异性.结果 165例患儿330个肾,其中99Tcm-DMSA肾皮质显像发现99个肾存在APN阳性表现,而肾超声仅发现31个肾表现阳性.在余231个99Tcm-DMSA肾皮质显像无异常的肾中,超声检查发现4个肾有异常表现.肾超声探测APN的灵敏度为31.3%（31/99）,特异性为98.3%（227/231）.结论 肾超声对小儿APN的诊断特异性较高,但灵敏度较低.对于肾超声检查阴性的APN,临床仍需采用99Tcm-DMSA肾皮质显像以帮助确诊.

Objective To compare the diagnostic value of renal ultrasound scan （RUS） and 99Tcmdimercaptosuccinic acid （DMSA） renal scintigraphy in children with acute pyelonephritis （APN）. Methods In all, 165 children with initial clinical diagnosis of APN, aged from 1.5 months to 11 yrs （ median 20 months）, were included in the study, all of which were examined with RUS and DMSA renal scientigraphy. The diagnosis with DMSA renal scientigraphy results was taken as the standard reference to evaluate the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of RUS. Results Of 99 out of all 330 kidneys that were found abnormal on DMSA renal scientigraphy, 31 were abnormal on RUS. Of the rest normal kidneys on DMSA scans renal scientigraphy, 4 were abnormal on RUS. Thus diagnostic sensitivity of RUS for APN was 31.3%（31/99） and specificity was 98.3% （227/231）. Conclusions Although RUS provides with high diagnostic specificity for children with APN, its low sensitivity may underestimate the clinical evaluation of APN.More often than not, 99Tcm-DMSA renal scientigraphy is a clinical necesscity for the definite RUS diagnosis.