从心理学角度分析“离愁”兼论“诗穷而后工”

The analysis of sorrow of parting and the view of the harder in life,the better in poem from a psychological perspective

文章第一部分从心理学中的情绪情感理论出发分析文学上的离愁,认为离愁与婴儿时期的依恋有关,离愁的本质是恐惧和痛苦,其主观体验与表现形式都是以悲伤为主。第二部分讨论文学上的一种现象:"诗穷而后工",说明"诗穷而后工"这种文学理念有其深刻的心理基础和生理基础:(1)个体在进行信息加工时存在着心境一致性现象,它是指个体倾向于记忆与当前的心情具有一致性的信息;(2)人类的负性情绪和认知功能之间有着紧密的联系,负性情绪需要启用更多的认知资源。

In the first part of this paper, the author analyses the literary sorrow of parting using the theory of emotion and feeling in psychology, suggest the sorrow of parting is related to the attachment in infancy, the fear and pain are the essence of sorrow of parting, and it＇s subjective experience and expression form are all grief-based. In the second part, the author discuss a literary phenomenon： the harder in life, the better in poem, this literary phenomenon has profound psychological and physiological basis： （1） There is mood congruent memory （MCM） when the individual processes information; （2） There is a close linking between the negative emotion and cognitive function, that is the negative emotion needs more cognitive resource.