我国西部地区高中生家庭教养方式与自尊的相互关系

A Study on The Correlation between Parental Rearing Pattern and Self-esteem of Senior Middle School Students in Western China

父母教养方式对子女自尊的形成和发展有十分重要的影响。本文选取甘肃省平凉市两所高中作为西部地区的代表样本,通过对其中318名高中生的问卷调查发现:(1)西部地区高中生的自尊无显著的性别差异;独生子女与非独生子女的自尊水平有显著差异;从高一至高三,高中生的自尊水平显著呈下降趋势。(2)在父母教养方式中的F2父亲的惩罚、严厉因子,F5拒绝、否认因子和F6过度保护因子上,男生的得分显著高于女生;在M2母亲的过干涉、过保护因子得分上,男生的得分显著高于女生。(3)高中生的自尊水平与父母教养方式中的父母情感温暖因子(F1,M1)显著正相关;与母亲的拒绝、否认因子(M3),惩罚、严厉因子(M4)显著负相关。(4)在父母教养方式中,母亲的情感温暖、理解因子(M1)对高中生的自尊有显著的预测作用,其预测能力达11.8%。

The ways of parental rearing practices havea significant influence on the formation and development of their children＇ s self-esteem. We did the research by measuring 238 college students with EMBU and SES, resulting shows that： （1）No obvious sexual difference exists in senior middle school students＇ self-esteem;but obvious difference between only chil- dren and their counterparts. The senior middle school students＇ self-esteem has a trend which lowers with the grade growth.,and obvious grade different does. （2） For all fatherly factors in the ways of parental rearing, F2 chastisement, sternness factor,F5 refural, denial factor, and F6 overprotection of boys scores higher than that of girls; for all matherly factors,M2excessive inter- ference, overprotection factor of boys scores higher than that of girls.（3）Self-esteem of senior middle school students has obviously positive correlation with factors of parents＇ affection,understanding （F1,M1）,while it has visibly negative correlation with M3 factors of motherly refural,chastisement and M4sternness. （4） in the ways of parental rearing, the factor of matherly affection,understanding（M1） may forecast senior middle school students＇ self-esteem at the degree of 11.4 percent.