财富、资本与金融危机——马克思危机理论的哲学思考

Wealth,Capital and Financial Crisis:Philosophical Reflection of Marxist Crisis Theory

金融资本是在产业资本基础上形成的,它有二个明显的特征:一是它的虚拟性,即"它们只是代表取得收益的权利,并不是代表资本";二是它的投机性,因而一旦"支付锁链""整个被打乱的时候",危机就必然发生,其本质是对金融泡沫的一次强制清除,使金融资本与产业资本取得某种平衡。金融泡沫形成的根源,一是资本的本性,只要资本依然横行世界,强制性的金融危机就必然要发生;二是美国利用美元霸权,无限制地制造金融泡沫。面对强大的美元霸权,中国必须实行有限的金融开放政策,而这正是中国改革开放成功的经验之一。

The financial capital with two distinct features is formed on the basis of industrial capital. One is its virtual, which means that they only represent the right to gain benefits,and are not on behalf of capital. The other is its speculativeness, so once the payment chain is wholly broken, crisis will inevitably occur; its essence is to clear the financial bubble off mandatorily in order to achieve a balance between financial capital and industrial capital. The financial bubble is due to the nature of capital and U. S. dollar hegemony. As long as capital is still rampant in the world, mandatory financial crisis is bound to happen. On the other hand, the United States is using U. S. dollar hegemony to create financial hubble unlimitedly. Facing the strong U. S. dollar hegemony, China must implement the policy of limited financial openness, which is exactly the successful experience of China＇s reform and opening-up.