可再生能源产业鼓励措施与WTO补贴合规性研究——以免费碳排放配额及交易措施为视角

Measures for Stimulating the Renewable Energy Industry and its Compatibility with WTO SCM Agreement——From the Perspective of the Carbon Emission Free Allow System

作为应对气候变化对策以及金融危机的刺激措施,不少国家都对以可再生能源为代表的低碳产业采取了鼓励措施,其中补贴措施是最为常见的一种措施。本文,在归纳各国相关可再生能源产业措施的基础上,重点剖析了国外免费碳排放配额及交易措施与WTO补贴规则的合规性问题,并就将来可能引用"绿色补贴"例外问题进行了分析。本文认为,可再生能源激励措施一方面符合全球应对气候变化的潮流,但另一方面,也可能被一些国家用作贸易保护主义的手段。为应对气候变化而采取的低碳措施,具有双刃剑的效果,我们应该慎重使用。

as the combating measure for climate change and the stimulating measure for overcoming the financial crisis,not a few countries recourse the encouraging measures for low-carbon industry especially the renewable energy industry. One of the frequently used measures is subsidy. In this article,it fi rstly summarizes the various measures for encouraging the renewable energy industry among WTO members. Then,it focuses on the issue of the measures for stimulating the renewable energy industry and its compatibility with WTO SCM Agreement. Finally,it analyzes with the so-called ＂green exception＂ of the GATT 20.