低分子肝素在骨髓增殖性肿瘤患者血栓并发症中的应用

Application of low molecular weight heparins in myeloproliferative neoplasms

骨髓增殖性肿瘤（MPN）是一组造血干/祖细胞的恶性克降性疾病,其主要临床特点是骨髓内一系或多系髓细胞过度增殖,导致外周血中红细胞、粒细胞、血小板数目增多.动静脉血栓形成及其并发症是导致MPN死亡的重要因素.低分子肝素（LMWH）是临床上常用的较为安全有效的抗凝剂,能够改善血液高凝状态,降低血小板与白细胞、内皮细胞之间的相互作用,减轻细胞聚集,并能在高血小板血浆中发挥高效抗凝作用.为LMWH应用于MPN提供了理论基础.

Myeloproliferative neoplasms （MPN） are a group of diseases with malignant cloning in hematopoietic stem / progenitor cells. The main clinical feature is excessive proliferation of one or more lineage of myeloid cells, which cause increasing count of erythrocytes, granulocytes and platelets in peripheral blood.Arterio-venous thrombosis and complications are responsible for the mortality of MPN. Low molecular weight heparin （LMWH） is a kind of anticoagulant that commonly used for its safety and validity. It can improve the hyperviscosity of blood , affect platelets, and interact with leukocytes and endothelial cells, by which can reduce cells aggregation. LMWH can effectively play an active role of anticoagulant in high-platelet plasma. All of these provides a theoretical basis to its availability in MPN.