项目进度控制的双边缓冲区方法研究

Study on the Double-Buffering Method for Project Schedule Control

工期延误是建设项目管理中的重要问题。一方面,事后控制和无缓冲区方法不足以应对工程进度风险,有缓冲区的应变管理可在一定程度上弥补这些不足;另一方面,目前根据工作持续时间按固定比率设缓冲区的方法未考虑各种工作的具体情况。文章根据工作信息流理论提出了设双缓冲区的方法,即在工作开始前和结束后分别设前缓冲区和后缓冲区,并提出根据不同缓冲区的用途和工程变更的预测确定各缓冲区长短的方法。建立了项目工作实施过程系统动力学模型,演示了双缓冲区在调节工期压力、消除工期延误、减少潜在变更影响进度等方面的作用。双缓冲区方法是有效实施进度事前控制,保证项目及时完成的新工具。

Delay is an important problem for the construction project management.On one hand,the post-activity control method and Just-in-Time theory can not deal with the project schedule risks very well.The Just-in-Case theory with buffer may overcome those shortcomings to a certain extent.On the other hand,the existing buffering method using a fixed rate to determine the size of buffers can not consider the specific characteristics of each activity.Due to above two situations,based on the work information flow theory,a double-buffering method was proposed which sets the front buffer and back buffer before and after an activity respectively.According to the functions of the buffers and the construction change prediction system,a method for calculating the size of the double buffers was proposed.A construction process system dynamic model was established that validates the double-buffering method in adjusting the schedule pressure,absorbing the schedule delay,and decreasing the potential impacts on project schedule changes.The double-buffering method provides a new tool for effective project schedule control in advance and construction progress execution on time.