《西域水道记》刊刻年代再考

A Further Textual Research on the Printing Time of Xiyu Shuidaoji(River Systems of the Western Regions)

徐松的《西域水道记》是清代西北历史地理学最为重要的著作之一。通常的记载以龙万育撰序的时间为依据,认为《西域水道记》刊刻于道光三年(1823年)。日本学者榎一雄最先考察出邓廷桢序文的署衔是判定《西域水道记》刊刻年代的标准,因此推测其最早的刻版印行年代是在道光十五年至十七年间(1835～1837年)。笔者根据《西域水道记》的引文内证,推翻道光三年说;又据徐松与李兆洛的通信外证,确证《西域水道记》最初刻成于邓廷桢任两广总督的道光十九年(1839年),它反映了徐松、邓廷桢等道光时期的知识群体敏感的学术经世意识。

Xu Song's Xiyu Shuidaoji(River Systems of the Western Regions)is one of the most important books on the historical geography of northwest China in the Qing Dynasty.Usually the date when Long Wanyu wrote the preface for the book was taken as the printing time of the book,i.e.the 3rd year of Daoguang's reign(1823).Professor Enoki Kazuo first raised that the official title of Deng Tingzhen signed on the book in his preface was the criterion for the judgement of the printing time of Xiyu Shuidaoji and thus he inferred that the earliest printing time of the book was between the 15th and 17th year of the Daoguang's reign.(1835～1837).Based on the textual research of the quotations in Xiyu Shuidaoji,the author denies the assumption of the 3rd year of Daoguang's reign and proves that Xiyu Shuidaoji was firstly 'carved out' at the 19th year of Daoguang's reign(1839)according to his study on the correspondence between Xu Song and Li Zhaoluo.The book reflects the sensitive consciousness of the intellectual class of that time such as Xu Song and Deng Tingzhen,i.e.,serving the world with their learning.