中药对黑素生物合成影响研究Ⅰ.82味中药乙醇提取物对酪氨酸酶活性的抑制作用

Studies on the Effect of TCM on Melanin Biosynthesis I. Inhibitory Actions of Ethanolic Extracts of 82 Different Chinese Crude Drugs on Tyrosinase Activity

对中医治疗色素增加性皮肤病方剂６９首进行计算机拆方排序，选出高频次出现中药８２ 味，观察这些中药乙醇提取物对蘑菇酪氨酸酶和无细胞系统多巴色素自动氧化生成黑素量的影 响。结果显示１１味中药乙醇提取物在３个不同浓度对酪氨酸酶活性和黑素生成量呈剂量依赖性 抑制，其中白术、白僵蚕、藁本、白芨、白附子、沙苑子、六月雪、柿叶对酪氨酸酶活性抑制率与单体 化合物熊果苷无统计学差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。进－步研究这些中药的皮肤脱色机制与评估其临床应用 价值是必要的。

82 Chinese crude drugs were selected according to their frequencies appearing in 69 TCM prescriptions for the treatment of hyperpigmentory disorders. Their ethanolic extracts were tested seperately for their respective activity to inhibit mushroom tyrosinase and melanin biosynthesis in cell free systems.Among them, 11 were found to be active in the inhibition of tyrosinase and the production of melanin from dopachrome by autoxidation in dose dependent manners. The inhibitory effects of Atractylodes macrocephala,Bombyx mori, Ligusticum sinense, Bletilla striata, Typhonium giganteum, Astragalus complanatus, Serissa serissoides and Diospyros kaki were either superior or similar to arbutin, though statistically nonsignificant (P> 0. 05). These results suggested that some of the crude drugs could be considered as candidates to whitenthe skin, but their mechanisms of action and clinical evaluation need further extensive studies.