施肥对黄瓜整个生长期光合作用及产量的影响

Effect of fertilization on photosynthesis and yield of cucumber in whole growth period

研究了不同施肥方式对黄瓜不同生长期的影响。结果表明,较高有机肥配施一定量有机无机复合肥的处理黄瓜总产量最高,并且对改善土壤结构,提高土壤有机质含量,速效N,P,K含量,以及降低土壤盐分、EC值都有较好的效果。单施有机无机复合肥的处理前期黄瓜产量较高,但后期产量低,并且土壤有机质含量较低,盐分较高。各处理不同时期净光合速率和其产量变化相似,因而净光合速率可以作为植物施肥效果的探针。随着黄瓜逐渐衰老,气孔限制可能是其光合作用降低的主要原因。

The response of cucumber to different fertilization methods in whole growth period was studied.The results indicated that the yield of cucumber was the highest with application of higher level of organic fertilizer and some organic-inorganic compound fertilizer,meanwhile,the soil structure was improved,the soil organic matter content and available nutrients of N,P,K content increased,and soil salinity and EC values decreased.Treatment of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer alone showed higher yield in the early stage of harvest,but lower in the latter stage,with lower soil organic matter content and higher soil salinity.The net photosynthetic rate in the different periods of cucumber with different treatments showed similar trends to the yield.In conclusion,the net photosynthetic rate could be used as a probe to inspect the effect of plant fertilization.With the gradual aging of cucumber,stomatal limitation could be the main reason for the photosynthesis reduction.